Digital camera capturing and recognition number to possess gender/age range
To allow contrasting with before studies, i plus used nonspatial simply take-recapture approaches to imagine mature jaguar occurrence (discover Appendix B to possess actions and you can abilities).
Estimating cub density and you may populace build
We projected densities on their own for males, reproductive females, and nonreproductive ladies. I tried to fit habits to observations out-of cubs, but their simple just take records did not render sufficient study getting a maximum possibilities investigation. To help you estimate cub thickness, we multiplied this new reproductive females occurrence from your most useful model from the mean amount of cubs for every single reproductive females. This type of quotes welcome computation out of overall jaguar density and you can society structure for men, nonreproductive women, reproductive ladies, and you will cubs.
Overall performance
Our total sampling work are several,302 digital camera pitfall-night. I gotten 1465 catches, and 1369 that have identifiable individuals (Table step one). As a whole, we understood 42 jaguars, and fourteen adult males, 14 mature females, and 14 cubs. Of one’s 14 shoot mature females, seven was actively recreating and you can photographed which have cubs (Photos D1, D2). Although we joined equivalent numbers of boys, people, and you may cubs regarding the research area, the simply take regularity of every class differed: 58% out-of known pictures was basically the ones from people (798 captures), 33% out-of recognizable captures was in fact that from people (452), and just 9% was those of cubs (119). On average, people had been grabbed 56 times for each, lady thirty two moments, and cubs merely nine minutes. Reproductive females got a bit high total number regarding captures than simply nonreproductive people (257 as opposed to 195, respectively) and higher average amount of catches each personal (38 versus twenty-eight). Reproductive female were with greater regularity caught by yourself (109 minutes) than just accompanied by cubs (69 captures) during the period of recognized young children reliance. Alternatively, cubs were recorded more often with their mothers (83 private catches) than simply by yourself (thirty-six catches).
Thickness prices off adult jaguars
Of the 32 models analyzed with the secr package with sex/reproductive status and sessions as covariates, those which did not allow density to vary across sessions obtained the lowest AICc values. In contrast, models assuming density variation across sessions received less support (Tables 2, C1). The top secr model for adult jaguars included an effect of sex/female reproductive status on D, ? 0, and ? and between session variation in ? 0. All three parameters differed significantly between sex/reproductive status groups (Table 3). Baseline detection probability was lowest for reproductive females (0.04 on average), whereas nonreproductive females had the greatest baseline detectability (0.13 on average) and males intermediate (0.08 on average) to the two female reproductive classes. Males had the largest values of estimated movement distribution (? = 2.97 ± 0.09 km), while reproductive and nonreproductive females obtained smaller ? values (2.04 ± 0.11 and 2.32 adam4adam indir ± 0.19 km, respectively). Estimated densities were higher for reproductive females and males (1.97 ± 0.33 and 1.62 ± 0.22 individuals/ 100 km 2 , respectively) than for nonreproductive females (0.85 ± 0.19 individuals/100 km 2 ). In total, the best model estimated 4.44 ± 1.16 adult jaguars/100 km 2 (Table 3).
Cub occurrence and you may jaguar people framework
Out-of findings of the seven reproductive lady having kids when you look at the data period, i projected step one.64 cubs for each and every reproductive people normally. Concurrently, that cub was submitted by yourself on a single affair together with a not known mother. We excluded it solitary observation out-of subsequent studies. On the basis of reproductive people occurrence on most useful model, we estimated step three.23 cubs/100 km dos on data urban area. Therefore, i projected a whole occurrence off seven.67 jaguars/one hundred kilometres 2 . Jaguar population construction was 21% men, 11% nonreproductive women, 26% reproductive people, and you will 42% cubs (Table 3).